Here are Todays Amazing Southwest Tribal Deals
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 NAVAJO SIGNED J W TOADLENA RANGER SET STERLING CORAL TURQ BEAR CLAWS $325.00 Time Remaining: 9d 7h 27m Buy It Now for only: $325.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Solid Sterling Silver 925 Pin Art Deco look Vintage Blue Grn Purple Moonstone $174.00 Time Remaining: 6h 37m Buy It Now for only: $274.00 Buy It Now | Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Native American Navajo Sterling Red Mountain Turquoise Bracelet Signed $179.99 Time Remaining: 6d 15h 42m Buy It Now for only: $179.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 vtg old Southwest tribal STERLING SILVER TURQUOISE BROOCH PIN C hook pin clasp $19.95 Time Remaining: 27d 11h 32m Buy It Now for only: $19.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 old vtg southwest tribal HANDCRAFTED SILVER RING intaglio carved DEER sz 5 1 2 $16.95 Time Remaining: 22d 9h 49m Buy It Now for only: $16.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 vtg old Southwest STERLING SILVER TURQUOISE CUFF BRACELET small child size 5 $19.95 Time Remaining: 18d 10h 51m Buy It Now for only: $19.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Southwest TRIBAL vintage now turquiose silver tn mix ART harvest junk CRAFT LOT $9.99 Time Remaining: 1d 4h Bid now | Add to watch list |
 NEW tribal southwest red coral dangle earrings Small cute Posts $19.96 Time Remaining: 13d 1h 20m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 60s southwest style silvertone FAUX TURQUOISE NEEDLEPOINT NECKLACE $9.95 Time Remaining: 12d 2h 38m Buy It Now for only: $9.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Sterling Petit Thin Band Opal embelished with blue quartz Size 9 Signed $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE STERLING TURQUOISE NUGGET CORAL BEADED NECKLACE $229.99 Time Remaining: 10d 13h 11m Buy It Now for only: $229.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Sterling Silver 925 Ring with stunning colors size 5 3 4 MUST C $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 1930S AMERICAN SOUTHWEST TRIBAL STERLING SILVER CONCHO BELT BUCKLE 122 GR $99.99 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 1d 12h 57m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Spinning Cut Carved Wedding Band Size 13 925 Sterling Silver $39.99 Time Remaining: 24d 6h 5m Buy It Now for only: $39.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE TRIBAL SOUTHWEST SANTA FE STERLING SILVER HEAVY NECKLACE 16141 $325.00 Time Remaining: 14d 2h 22m Buy It Now for only: $325.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Native Southwest Sterling Petit Point Turquoise Ring Sz 825 $28.50 Time Remaining: 1d 17h 13m Buy It Now for only: $28.50 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE TRIBAL SOUTHWESTERN 800 SILVER TURQUOISE EARRINGS 15745 $28.00 Time Remaining: 24d 5h 4m Buy It Now for only: $28.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE STERLING SILVER PINK ABALONE SHELL TRIBAL BROOCH W LEAF ROPE ACCENTS $7.99 Time Remaining: 2d 4h 27m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Copper Beaded Southwest Necklace Nice $9.99 Time Remaining: 28d 20h 56m Buy It Now for only: $9.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Necklace HUGE Fx Turquoise Fx Coral Beads Glass Plastic Wood GoldTone $15.00 Time Remaining: 28d 13h 24m Buy It Now for only: $15.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 BOHO ETHNIC JEWELRY LOT OF 13 NATURALS TURQUOISE STERLING PLUS $19.99 Time Remaining: 19d 9h 52m Buy It Now for only: $19.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vtg Copper Southwest NA Tribal Dancer Panel Link Bracelet $27.95 Time Remaining: 15d 9h 20m Buy It Now for only: $27.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Signed Silver Turquoise Bear Claw Ring $37.50 Time Remaining: 29d 11h 29m Buy It Now for only: $37.50 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE TRIBAL SOUTHWEST STERLING INLAY TURQUOISE STONE KACHINA DOLL CHARM $7.99 Time Remaining: 2d 4h 27m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 old vtg SOUTHWEST TRIBAL STERLING SILVER RING Large Symbolic Life Circle sz 7 $39.95 Time Remaining: 22d 4h Buy It Now for only: $39.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Sterling 925 Silver Ring Elaborate Heart Pearlized Center Stone Sz 6 $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Sterling Equestrian Horse Carved Petit Ring Sterling 925 Silver Size 7 $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Sterling 925 Silver Ring with Petit Rose Carving Sz 8 1 4 $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 silver ring turquoise stones setting vintage signed A E $9.95 Time Remaining: 2d 8h 8m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Tribal southwest brooch Sterling silver moose Well done $49.95 Time Remaining: 19d 23h 46m Buy It Now for only: $49.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Turquoise Cocktail Ring Southwest Desert Tribal Vintage Adjustable Silver Tone $9.90 Time Remaining: 28d 3h 50m Buy It Now for only: $9.90 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 NEW Tribal southwest onyx earrings Sterling flower leaves Sweet little posts $15.96 Time Remaining: 1d 4h 19m Buy It Now for only: $15.96 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage tribal southwest turquoise pendant Circa 1960 70s Large silver leaf $85.95 Time Remaining: 28d 46m Buy It Now for only: $85.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Sterling Sterling banded agate great color ring925 Silver Size 7 $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 +VTG STERLING NATIVE TURQUOISE Mixed stone TRIBAL INLAY UNIQUE CROSS++BEAUTY $99.00 Time Remaining: 2d 11h 32m Buy It Now for only: $124.95 Buy It Now | Bid now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE COPPER FRENCH HOOK EARRINGS SOUTHWEST DESIGN AMERICAN TRIBAL $19.99 Time Remaining: 11d 4h 46m Buy It Now for only: $19.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Sterling Silver Vintage Design 925 Rin with Solitare Simulated Diamond Size 8 $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE STERLING SILVER NATIVE TRIBAL SOUTHWESTERN BUTTON 15979 $22.00 Time Remaining: 1d 5h 26m Buy It Now for only: $22.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vermeil Silver gold colored silver Ring Garnet Heart Shaped Size 8 $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Lizard Cut Carved Ring Size 11 925 Sterling Silver $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VTG STERLING SILVER MODERNIST BALL SCROLL ORIG MARGOT DE TAXCO BRACELET 34 gms $49.99 Time Remaining: 2d 13h 7m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Silver 925 Celtic Ring Size 4 1 2 Irish Love Claddagh heart $19.85 Time Remaining: 24d 4h 35m Buy It Now for only: $19.85 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 SOUTHWEST TRIBAL STERLING SILVER RARE CARLIN TURQUOISE SQUASH BLOSSOM NECKLACE $1,500.00 Time Remaining: 11d 8h 4m Buy It Now for only: $1,500.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE SOUTHWEST STERLING SILVER BLUE TURQUOISE RING $59.46 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 52m Buy It Now for only: $59.46 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 NEW Tribal southwest Carico Lake earrings Light green turquoise Cross shape $49.95 Time Remaining: 25d 22h 49m Buy It Now for only: $49.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage TAXCO 925 Silver Green Turquoise AZTEC Face Pin Pendant Signed PAC $124.99 Time Remaining: 2d 13h 40m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Estate Vintage bright blue OLD PAWN TURQUOISE RING spectacular Sky Clouds Earth $59.88 Time Remaining: 3d 17h 19m Buy It Now for only: $59.88 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Silver and Turquoise Inlay Ring $34.00 Time Remaining: 28d 16h 43m Buy It Now for only: $34.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 DANNY ROMERO YAQUI NATIVE TRIBAL STERLING SILVER TURQUOISE CROSS NECKLACE 16209 $550.00 Time Remaining: 18d 6h 29m Buy It Now for only: $550.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 STERLING Silver Navajo Southwest Tribal TURQUOISE Feather Pin Brooch $49.00 Time Remaining: 4d 13h 13m Buy It Now for only: $49.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vtg Big Old Pawn Native American Begay Shadowbox Sterling Silver Pendant Signed $405.00 Time Remaining: 28d 21h 20m Buy It Now for only: $405.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VTG MID CENTURY MEXICO BIOMORPHIC STERLING SILVER CONCAVE POST EARRINGS 12 gms $37.99 Time Remaining: 2d 14h 19m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage tribal southwest pendant Carico Lake turquoise Navajo flower silverwork $149.95 Time Remaining: 19d 41m Buy It Now for only: $149.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Estate Striking 70s SW ONYX SS DROP EARRINGS sleek Retro Danish Modern style $48.99 Time Remaining: 3d 17h 46m Buy It Now for only: $48.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Southwest Puca Shell Heishi Turquoise Nugget Double Strand Necklace $79.50 Time Remaining: 15h 45m Buy It Now for only: $79.50 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Antique Old Pawn Vintage Hatband Stamped Concho STERLING ST54 $199.00 Time Remaining: 26d 15h 49m Buy It Now for only: $199.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE SOUTHWEST STERLING SILVER CORAL PIERCED EARRINGS Tribal $9.99 Time Remaining: 3d 39m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 OLD VINTAGE GLASS BEADED TRIBAL ART NECKLACE MOTHERS DAY BIRTHDAY GIFT $52.50 Time Remaining: 13d 28m Buy It Now for only: $52.50 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Kenneth Jay Lane Jewelry Book Costume Rhinestone Shell $59.95 Time Remaining: 1d 6h 5m Buy It Now for only: $59.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Turquoise Cocktail Ring Southwest Desert Tribal Vintage Adjustable Silver Tone $9.90 Time Remaining: 15h 11m Buy It Now for only: $9.90 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Genuine old antique 18k solid gold Marriage Necklace saj from maharashtra $1,620.00 Time Remaining: 15d 20h 28m Buy It Now for only: $1,620.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage 1960s Hippie Era Southwest Silver CORAL Nuggets Choker Necklace $34.50 Time Remaining: 21d 13h 33m Buy It Now for only: $34.50 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 LARGE VINTAGE STERLING SILVER MOP NA RING HANDMADE SOUTHWEST 33g SIZE 6 65 $11.99 Time Remaining: 3d 4h 9m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Mid Century Modernist COPPER KACHINA KOKOPELLI BRACELET Southwestern TRIBAL $52.99 Time Remaining: 24d 7h 32m Buy It Now for only: $52.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Ring Silver Turquoise And Coral $67.50 Time Remaining: 6d 13h 20m Buy It Now for only: $67.50 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage antique jewelry 11 white multi color beaded necklaces south west motif $15.00 Time Remaining: 8d 2h 43m Buy It Now for only: $15.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Navajo sterling silver hoop stud earrings with multicolor stone overlay $70.00 Time Remaining: 12d 12h 46m Buy It Now for only: $70.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE SOUTHWEST 925 STERLING SILVER BENCH BEAD CORAL TURQUOISE NAJA NECKLACE $117.00 Time Remaining: 16d 12h 52m Buy It Now for only: $117.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Sterling Silver Turquoise Southwest Tribal Bear Claw Ring Size 6 1 4 $19.99 Time Remaining: 4d 3h 21m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Turquoise Cocktail Ring Southwest Desert Tribal Vintage Adjustable Silver Tone $9.90 Time Remaining: 15h 11m Buy It Now for only: $9.90 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Turquoise Cocktail Ring Southwest Desert Tribal Vintage Adjustable Silver Tone $9.90 Time Remaining: 15h 11m Buy It Now for only: $9.90 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Mid Century Modernist COPPER CONCHO MEDALLION BRACELET Southwestern TRIBAL $52.99 Time Remaining: 24d 7h 32m Buy It Now for only: $52.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage 1970s Southwest Liquid Silver CORAL Bracelet $29.75 Time Remaining: 23d 5h 52m Buy It Now for only: $29.75 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VTG STERLING SILVER ONYX TAXCO MEXICO ROSETTE LARGE OVAL PIN BROOCH $24.99 Time Remaining: 4d 15h 45m Buy It Now for only: $39.99 Buy It Now | Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Turquoise Cocktail Ring Southwest Desert Tribal Vintage Adjustable Silver Tone $9.90 Time Remaining: 8d 28m Buy It Now for only: $9.90 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage 1960s Southwest Wood Heishi Turquoise Nugget Tribal Necklace $79.50 Time Remaining: 16h 11m Buy It Now for only: $79.50 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Antique Navajo Silver and Turquoise Watchband SWASTIKAS Rolling Logs OLD PAWN D4 $324.99 Time Remaining: 20d 1h 13m Buy It Now for only: $324.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Southwest Sterling Silver Kokopelli Tribal Pendant Chain Necklace $74.79 Time Remaining: 1d 20h 49m Buy It Now for only: $74.79 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE SOUTHWESTERN TRADING POST STERLING SILVER FAUX MOONSTONE BRACELELT $118.99 Time Remaining: 28d 14h 20m Buy It Now for only: $118.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 NO RESERVE GORGEOUS ZUNI SIGNED EARRINGS STERLING TURQUOISE CORAL MALACHITE $4.99 Time Remaining: 6d 13h 28m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Modernist COPPER FRANK REBAJES Tribal Boho Runway Chunky Wide CUFF BRACELET $224.99 Time Remaining: 4d 14h 55m Buy It Now for only: $224.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Silver Turquoise And Coral Ring $77.50 Time Remaining: 6d 13h 20m Buy It Now for only: $77.50 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Antique Santo Domingo Silver and Turquoise Necklace Joclas Old Pawn STERLING FO1 $329.00 Time Remaining: 19d 9h 39m Buy It Now for only: $329.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Artist CALVIN BEGAY OPAL Inlay Handcrafted Navajo Necklace in Sterling Silver $499.00 Time Remaining: 7h 43m Buy It Now for only: $499.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Braided Leather Animal Fur Hide Geometric Design Upper Volta Necklace $72.85 Time Remaining: 6d 23h 42m Buy It Now for only: $375.95 Buy It Now | Bid now | Add to watch list |
 VINTAGE ESTATE STERLING SILVER 925 MEDALLION CUAUHTEMOC AZTEC HEAVY BRACELET $850.00 Time Remaining: 25d 13h 19m Buy It Now for only: $850.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 OTT Ortegas Southwest Lab Opal Sterling Tribal Engraved Band Ring Size 6 $39.95 Time Remaining: 22d 12h 39m Buy It Now for only: $39.95 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage 50s Sterling Silver Carved Tribal Cuff Bracelet Earring Set 708 grams $129.99 Time Remaining: 28d 20h 56m Buy It Now for only: $129.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Antique Santo Domingo Heishi and Stamped Silver Necklace Old Pawn STERLING ST53 $199.00 Time Remaining: 26d 15h 33m Buy It Now for only: $199.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Mitchell Calabaza Sterling Turquoise Cuff signed MCLBZ $99.99 Time Remaining: 19d 10h 43m Buy It Now for only: $99.99 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Green Turquoise Harvey Era Triple Shank Band Ring arrow tribal marks 65 $9.99 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 2d 9h 52m Bid now | Add to watch list |
 Vtg Sterling Silver Southwest Tribal Turquoise Ring Sz 975 $27.00 Time Remaining: 5d 3h 47m Buy It Now for only: $27.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Antique NAVAJO CONCHO BELT Circa 1920 Southwest Native OldPawn Turquoise Vintage $3,133.00 Time Remaining: 6d 9h 41m Buy It Now for only: $3,133.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Sterling Silver Native American Owl Blake Velma Lesansee Zuni Necklace Set $2,500.00 Time Remaining: 9d 6h 49m Buy It Now for only: $2,500.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
 Vintage Zuni Eddie Beyuka Sterling Silver Snake Dancer Bolo $799.00 Time Remaining: 11d 2h 15m Buy It Now for only: $799.00 Buy It Now | Add to watch list |
More Great Information on Southwest Tribal:
The Road to Repatriation (smithsonianmag)
The National Museum of the American Indian works with Native Tribes to bring
sacred artifacts home again
A 3-paragraph letter to President Andrew Jackson evaluating the Indian removal policy from different perspecti
This 3-paragraph letter to Andrew Jackson from the perspective of the Southwest tribal member expressing your views on his Indian removal policy and how it affects your life as a Native American.the purpose for writting the letter is to influence the president,not to antagonize him.
REFERENCE:The Indian Removal Act affe ted peaceful Native American groups that had been considered sovereign(self-governing)nations and held their lands by treaty with the United States
Have they really white-washed history so much? The Indian Removal Act, simply put, said to the Native population "you either move west of the Mississippi and give us your land or we will force you to move". Those who didn't leave, those who tried to hold on to THEIR lands, who tried to make treaty with the madman Jackson, were rounded up and force-marched 1000 miles...Over 4000 Indians died on this trail....
Here is a brief summary:
Between 1790 and 1830 the population of Georgia increased six-fold. The western push of the settlers created a problem. Georgians continued to take Native American lands and force them into the frontier. By 1825 the Lower Creek had been completely removed from the state under provisions of the Treaty of Indian Springs. By 1827 the Creek were gone.
Cherokee had long called western Georgia home. The Cherokee Nation continued in their enchanted land until 1828. It was then that the rumored gold, for which De Soto had relentlessly searched, was discovered in the North Georgia mountains.
Cherokee Rose
Symbol of the
" Trail Where They Cried"
In his book Don't Know Much About History, Kenneth C. Davis writes:
Hollywood has left the impression that the great Indian wars came in the Old West during the late 1800's, a period that many think of simplistically as the "cowboy and Indian" days. But in fact that was a "mopping up" effort. By that time the Indians were nearly finished, their subjugation complete, their numbers decimated. The killing, enslavement, and land theft had begun with the arrival of the Europeans. But it may have reached its nadir when it became federal policy under President (Andrew) Jackson.
The Cherokees in 1828 were not nomadic savages. In fact, they had assimilated many European-style customs, including the wearing of gowns by Cherokee women. They built roads, schools and churches, had a system of representational government, and were farmers and cattle ranchers. A Cherokee alphabet, the "Talking Leaves" was perfected by Sequoyah.
"I would sooner be honestly damned than hypocritically immortalized"
Davy Crockett
His political career destroyed because he supported the Cherokee, he left Washington D. C. and headed west to Texas.
In 1830 the Congress of the United States passed the "Indian Removal Act." Although many Americans were against the act, most notably Tennessee Congressman Davy Crockett, it passed anyway. President Jackson quickly signed the bill into law. The Cherokees attempted to fight removal legally by challenging the removal laws in the Supreme Court and by establishing an independent Cherokee Nation. At first the court seemed to rule against the Indians. In Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, the Court refused to hear a case extending Georgia's laws on the Cherokee because they did not represent a sovereign nation. In 1832, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Cherokee on the same issue in Worcester v. Georgia. In this case Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that the Cherokee Nation was sovereign, making the removal laws invalid. The Cherokee would have to agree to removal in a treaty. The treaty then would have to be ratified by the Senate.
By 1835 the Cherokee were divided and despondent. Most supported Principal Chief John Ross, who fought the encroachment of whites starting with the 1832 land lottery. However, a minority(less than 500 out of 17,000 Cherokee in North Georgia) followed Major Ridge, his son John, and Elias Boudinot, who advocated removal. The Treaty of New Echota, signed by Ridge and members of the Treaty Party in 1835, gave Jackson the legal document he needed to remove the First Americans. Ratification of the treaty by the United States Senate sealed the fate of the Cherokee. Among the few who spoke out against the ratification were Daniel Webster and Henry Clay, but it passed by a single vote. In 1838 the United States began the removal to Oklahoma, fulfilling a promise the government made to Georgia in 1802. Ordered to move on the Cherokee, General John Wool resigned his command in protest, delaying the action. His replacement, General Winfield Scott, arrived at New Echota on May 17, 1838 with 7000 men. Early that summer General Scott and the United States Army began the invasion of the Cherokee Nation.
Painting by Robert Lindneux
Woolaroc Museum
In one of the saddest episodes of our brief history, men, women, and children were taken from their land, herded into makeshift forts with minimal facilities and food, then forced to march a thousand miles(Some made part of the trip by boat in equally horrible conditions). Under the generally indifferent army commanders, human losses for the first groups of Cherokee removed were extremely high. John Ross made an urgent appeal to Scott, requesting that the general let his people lead the tribe west. General Scott agreed. Ross organized the Cherokee into smaller groups and let them move separately through the wilderness so they could forage for food. Although the parties under Ross left in early fall and arrived in Oklahoma during the brutal winter of 1838-39, he significantly reduced the loss of life among his people. About 4000 Cherokee died as a result of the removal. The route they traversed and the journey itself became known as "The Trail of Tears" or, as a direct translation from Cherokee, "The Trail Where They Cried" ("Nunna daul Tsuny").
Ironically, just as the Creeks killed Chief McIntosh for signing the Treaty of Indian Springs, the Cherokee killed Major Ridge, his son and Elias Boudinot for signing the Treaty of New Echota. Chief John Ross, who valiantly resisted the forced removal of the Cherokee, lost his wife Quatie in the march. And so a country formed fifty years earlier on the premise "...that all men are created equal, and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among these the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.." brutally closed the curtain on a culture that had done no wrong.
